Steam-engine



(No Model.) V 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. T. 85 M. G. CHAPMAN.

STEAM ENGINE. No. 572,960. Patented Dec, 15, 1896.

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M. T. & M. C. CHAPMAN.

STEAM ENGINE. No. 572,960. Patented Dec. 15, 1896.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet; 3.

M. T. & M. C. CHAPMAN.

STEAM ENGINIL' I No. 572,960. Patented Dec, 15, 1896.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MATTHElV T. CHAPMAN AND MARK O. CHAPMAN, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 572,960, dated December15, 1896.

Application filed July 29, 1895- Serial No. 557,465 .(No model.)

To aZZ whom it puny concern.-

Be it known that we, MATTHEW T. CHAP- MAN and MARK O. CHAPMAN, citizensof the United States, residing at Aurora, in the county of Kane andState of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSteam-Engines, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a partialside elevation showing our engine applied to the operation of pumpingapparatus similar to that described and shown in our application filedApril 6, 1894, Serial No. 506,645. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on lines2 2 of Figs. 3and 6, showing the cylinder of the engine and the valvesfor controlling the admission of steam thereto. Fig. 3 is aview of thecylinder of the engine, taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2, part of the upperportion of the cylinder being in section. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectionon line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an end view of the cylinder andvalve-casing of the engine, part being in section, on line 5 5 of Fig.4. Fig. 6 is an end view of the inner side of the valve-casing, partbeing in section, on line 6 6 of Fig. 4. Figs. 7 and 8 are details,being elevations of the inner and outer sides, respectively, of theslide-valve which controls the admission of steam to theengine-cylinder. Fig. 9 is a section on line 9 0 of Fig. 2, lookingdown, and shows the arrangement of the valve which controls the movementof the slide-valve; and Fig. 10 is a view of the lower face of the lowerhead of the valve-casing, showing the arran gement of the parts, theposition of the valve being indicated by dotted lines.

Our invention relates to steam-engines, and has for its objectprincipally to provide an improved steam-engine which will beparticularly designed for use in operatingpumping apparatus; and itconsists in providing a new and improved balance-valve for regulatingthe admission of steam to the engine, improved means whereby the enginewill be antomatically controlled by the reciprocation of the piston-rod,and in certain other improvements which will be hereinafter morespecifically pointed out.

In the drawings, 84 indicates the pistonrod of the engine, and 105 thecylinder thereof, which maybe supported by standards 86 or in any othersuitable manner.

82 indicates a cross-head which is connected to the piston-rod 84, asshown in Fig. 1.

The piston-rod 84 is connected to a piston 104, which moves in thecylinder 105 of the engine, as best shown in Fig. 2. Secured at one sideof the cylinder 105 is a valve-cylinder 106, which cylinder communicateswith the cylinder 105 by passages 107 108 109 110, the passages 107 108being parallel and opening into the upper portions of the cylinders 106105 and the passages 109 110 being also parallel and opening into thelower portions of the cylinders 106 105, as shown in Fig. 2.

111 indicates a valve located in the passage 107 and having a stemextending to the outside of the cylinder-casing, so that the valve maybe readily operated for the purpose of opening or closing the passage107. 112 113 indicate similar valves in the passages 109 110,respectively.

1 14 indicates a cylindrical slide-valve which. is adapted to movelongitudinally of the chamher 106. The valve 114 is provided at one sidewith an elongated opening or port 115 and in the opposite side with twoopenings or ports 116 117, between which is a depressed portion 118.

119 indicates an exhaust-passage in the casing of the cylinder 105, withwhich communicates a port 120 in the casing of the chamber 106. Ports121 122 123 124 afford communicationbetween the passages 107 108 110100, respectively, and the chamber 106. The depressed portion 118 of thevalve 114 is sufficient in extent to connect either the exhaust-ports120 122 or the exhaust-ports 120 123, depending upon the position of thevalve 1.14, and the position of the ports 116 117 is such that when theport 117 is opposite the port 124 the port 122 will be connected to theexhaust-port 1.20 and when the port 116 is opposite the port 121 theport 123 will be in communication with the exhaust-port 120, so thatby'moving the valve 114 longitudinally of the chamber 106 steam withinthe valve 114 may be directed into either end of the cylinder 105.

As best shown in Fig. 2, that portion of the casing of thevalve-cylinder which lies opposite the port 115 is'offset to provide achamber125, and such chamber communicates by a passage 126 with asteam-supply pipe 127, so that steam is admitted within thcvalve 111through the passage 126, chamber 125, and port 115. The valve 111 iskept in the proper position by a bolt 128, which passes through thecasing of the valve-cylinder and extends into the port 115, as bestshown in Figs. 2 and 1. The exhaust-passage 119 communicates with anexhaust-pipe 129, as shown in Fig. 1.

The valve 111 is moved vertically in the chamber 106 for the purpose ofcontrolling the admission of steam to the cylinder by means of steamwhich is admitted into the chamber 106' either above or below the valve111, as circumstances require. The admis sion of steam to the chamber106 is cont-rolled by a slide-valve 130, which is located in a chamber131, formed by securing a suitable casin g 132 to one of the heads 133of the valvecylinder. A passage 131, extending from the passage 126 (seeFig. 1) to the chamber 131, serves to supply steam to said chamber. Aport 135 in the head 133 serves to admit steam from the chamber 131 tothe chamber 106 when said port is not closed by the slide-valve 130.

The slide-valve is secured between guides 136 137, secured to the head133, so that the valve 130 is free to slide horizontally across thelower face of the head 133.

138 (see Fig. 10) indicates an exhaust-port in the lower portion of thechamber 1.06.

139 indicates an exhaust-port in the head 133, which communicates by apassage 110 with the exhaust-port 120.

111 indicates a passage which opens through the top head 112 of thevalve-cylinder into the upper portion of the chamber 106 and serves toconduct exhaust-steam from said chamber to a port 113 in the lower faceof the head 133 of the valve-cylinder.

111 indicates a passage which extends through the valve-cylinder casing,its upper end terminating at the upper portion of the chamber 106, itslower end opening into a port 115 in the lower face of the head 133. Therelative arrangement of the different ports and passages above referredto is best shown in Fig. 10.

As best shown in Figs. 2, 5, and 9, the slidevalve has in its upper facetwo channels 116 117, the arrangement of which is shown in Figs. 9 and10.

When the valve 130 is in the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 10,it will be seen that the passage which conducts exhaust-steam from theupper portion of the chamber 106 will be in communication with thechannel 116, and through such channel it will communicate with the mainexhaust-passage 110. Steam from above the valve'111 will therefore bepermitted to escape to the main exhaust. At this time the port 135,through which steam is conducted from the chamber 131 into the chamber106 below the valve 111,will be open, as it is uncovered by theslide-valve 130, so that the valve 111 will be forced up in the chamber106. \Vhen the valve 130 is moved over far enough to cover the port 135,it will expose the port 115, thereby permitting steam to pass throughsaid portand passage 111 to the chamber 106 above the valve 111. At thesame time, by means of the channel 117,which will have been moved inposition to connect the ports 138 139, the exhaust from below the valve11.1 will be permitted to pass into the passage 110 and thence to themain exhaust, so that by sliding the valve 130 back and forth in itsguides the valve 1.11 will be reciprocated in the chamber 106 and theadmission of steam to the cylinder 105 be thereby regulated.

The slide-valve 130 is automatically moved for the purpose above statedby means of a crank-shaft 118, the upper end of which is provided withan arm 119, which engages the valve 130, as best shown in Fig. 2, theshaft 118 passing through a suitable stuffing-box 150. The shaft 118 issupported in a vertical position byan upright bar 151, which is suitablysecured at its lower end, and at its upper end is secured by a bracket152 to the standards 86 87, as best shown in Fig. 1. The bar 151 may,however, be supported in any other suitable manner. The shaft 118 isantomatically rocked for the purpose of moving the valve 130 backwardand forward by means of a roller 153, carried by and projectinglaterally from the cross-head 82, which roller is adapted to engage cams151155, carried at opposite ends of the shaft 118, as shown in Fig. 1.The arrangement is such that as the cross-head 82 approaches the upperend of its stroke the roller 153 will strike the cam 151, therebycausing it to move laterally, rocking the shaft 118 in the samedirection. Vhen the cross-head 82 approaches the lower end of itsstroke, the roller 153 will strike the lower cam 155, thereby causingthe shaft 118 to rock in the opposite direction, and the valve 130 willbe moved accordingly. As shown, the position of the cams 151 155 uponthe shaft 118 may be adjusted, as they are secured by set-screws 156, sothat the lead of the engine may be regulated. The form of orosshcadshown in Fig. 1 may, however, be very groatl y varied, all that isnecessary being that it be so arranged as to carry the roller 153, andwe do not limit ourselves to the form shown. The form shown is designedespecially for pumping apparatus of the form described in ourapplication Serial No. 506,615, and for that reason is illustratedherein.

hen the piston is moving down, its movement may be controlled byregulating the that the piston 10% should be forced in both directions;but this engine is also adapted for use with single-acting pumps, and asin such cases it is necessary only to force the piston up, the weight ofthe plunger and rod being sufficient to return the piston to the lowerend of the cylinder, the steam may be cut off from the upper portion ofthe cylinder by closing the passage 107 by means of the valve 111. Theamount of steam admitted to either end of the cylinder may also beregulated by means of the valves 111 112 113.

Our improved slide-valve is perfectly balanced as the steam is admittedwithin it, and the surface exposed to steam-pressu re is practieallyuniform on all sides.

lVe do not wish to limit ourselves to the specific form of theimprovements herein described, as various modifications maybe madeWithout departing from the spirit of our invention.

Although our improved engine is designed especially for use with pumpingapparatus, we do not limit ourselves to its use in connection with suchapparatus, as it may be used for any other purpose to which it isadapted.

That which we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is-

1. In a steam-engine, the combinationwith a cylinder and piston, of avalve-chamber, passages affording communication between saidvalve-chamber and said cylinder, a cylin drical valve in saidvalve-chamber, said valve having a port for the admission of steamthereinto and ports opposite said first-mentioned port for the admissionof steam to said passages, and means for controlling the movement ofsaid valve in said valve-chamber for controlling the admission of steamto said. passages, substantially as described.

2. In a steam-engine in combination with a cylinder and piston, avalve-chamber 106, passages affording communication between saidvalve-chamber and said cylinder, a cylindrical slide-valve 114 in saidvalve-chamber, said slide-valve having a port 115 at one side of thevalve foradmission of steam thereto, and ports 116, 117 and passage 118in the side of the valve opposite the port 115 for the admission ofsteam to said passages, passages for conducting steam from said valve tosaid cylinder, a passage for admitting steam into said cylindricalvalve,a bolt 128 projecting into said port 115 and means for controllingthe movement of said valve in said valvechamber.

The combination with a cylinder and piston, of a valve-chambercommunicating therewith, a valve in said chamber,said chamber havinglongitudinal passages in its Walls to operate said valve, andtransversely-movable anXiliary-valve mechanism at one end of saidvalve-chamber for controlling the adm ission of steam into saidvalve-chamber at its ends, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a cylinder and piston, of a valve-chamber 106,passages affording communication between said valvechamber and saidcylinder, a cylindrical slide-valve 114 in said valve-chamber, saidslide-valve having ports 115 116 117 and passage 118, passages forconducting steam from said valve to said cylinder, a passage foradmitting steam into said cylindrical valve, means for controlling themovement of said valve in said valve-chamber, a transverselymovableslide-valve 130, valve-chamber 131, and means for moving saidslide-valve 130 to control the admission of steam into said valvechamber106 above or below said cylindrical valve, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a cylinder and piston, of a valve-chamber,passages making communication between said valve-chamber and saidcylinder, a cylindrical slide-valve in said chamber having ports 115,116, 117 and 118, passages for conducting steam from said valve to saidcylinder, a passage for admitting steam into said cylindrical valve,means for controlling the movement of said valve in said Gll2Ll11b61,ttransversely-movable slidevalve 130, and means for moving saidslidevalve to admit steam to the cylindrical valve, substantially asdescribed.

6. The combination with a cylinder and piston, of a valve-chamber 106,passages affording communication between said valvechamber and saidcylinder,a cylindrical slidevalve 114 in said valve-chamber, saidslidevalve having ports 115 116 117 and passage 11S, passages forconducting steam from said valve to said cylinder, a passage foradmitting steam into said cylindrical valve, means for controlling themovement of said valve in said valve-chamber, a transversely-movableslide-valve 130, valve chamber 131, crank-shaft 148 connected to saidslide-valve 130, said shaft having cams 154: 155, a crosshead connectedto said piston, and a roller 153 carried by said cross-head, said rollerbeing adapted to engage said cams, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a cylinder and piston, of a valve-chambcrcommunicating therewith, a valve in said valve-chamber,passages forconducting steam into the ends of said valve-chamber, and atransversely-movable auxiliary valve arranged at one end of thevalve-chamber for controlling the admission of'steam into saidvalve-chamber at its ends, substantially as described.

MATTHEW T. CHAPMAN. MARK C. CHAPMAN. Witnesses:

E. W. DUNTON, R. D. MAHOFFEY.

